Ask Me: Poem Analysis Essay

This is one of my favorite poems as it has allowed me to relate in so numerous ways when it comes to life. All through my life there have been many ups and downs, and many people that have come and gone; but no matter what the series of events that I have come across have made me who I am today. There have been many people that have played important roles in my life but as William Stafford entails people will come and go; and people will play all kinds of roles in your life. When people make inquiries from me whether I would take anything in my life back if i had a chance, I answer with no since the people I have been involved with and the blunders I have made shaped who I am today. The poem is written in the future tense; from the first person perception of â€Å"I†. This is style isvery different from other poets. Stafford reaches out to audiences in the first line with the words â€Å"ask me†. Stafford writes of a future occasion when questions will be asked of him. It begins with a dialogue between the orator and another person. We have no reason to believe that the orator is not Stafford himself. The other person could be the audience, but sounds more like a close companion or at least somebody who knows him well. The poem begins: â€Å"Some time when the river is ice ask me mistakes I have made. Ask me what I have done in my life.†(Stafford) In these two sentences, he brings in two things: first, what the poem is regarding (his life), and second the main metaphor (the river iced over). For the rest of the first stanza he talks of the consequence other people have had whether good or bad. Or somewhat he is asking the listener to ask him; which is odd since the second verse begins: â€Å"I will pay attention to what you say† (Stafford). The second stanza reddens out the metaphor of the ice-covered river. That while it looks immobile; what’s beneath is a different story: â€Å"We know the current is there, concealed; and there are comings and goings from miles away† The river in the rhyme, for Stafford, as it has been for many poets although the ages, is an image and metaphor for the orator’s life. Fascinatingly in an interview, when he is talking about himself he make use of the same image:â€Å"I keep following this kind of concealed river of my life, you know, whatever the subject or impulse which comes, I follow it along gullibly (Stafford). And I don’t have any sagacity of its coming to a sort of upsurge, or of its petering out either.† The poem is saying that there is a difference to be made, between how immobile and peaceful the ice-covered river may look on the facade; this could be how human beings remembers their life, a sequence of actions and events frozen in recall. And what is beneath, that actions and blunders cannot be seen in isolation, but are managed and influenced by events and people. In the same way the path of a river is influenced by things that govern its course. Stafford gives us the eventual life lesson concealed within life’s blunders. We all ask ourselves and others as well if our choices are slip-ups. But in reality no choice in life is a slip-up, but an example in which we learn from. You will always have people within your life that are there to upset you or help you, but in the end what is done is your option. We as humans are not ideal and shouldn’t hide behind â€Å"the ice† for the â€Å"mistakes† we have made, for in our life is already planned out for us it’s our choice on what road to take. Stafford gives us encouragement within his rhyme; permitting us to see ourselves for who we are and not what we do. Work cited Stafford, William. â€Å"Ask Me.† Gioia, X. J. Kennedy and Dana. Literature. New York: Pearson, 2010. 643. Book

Marketing Packaging and Labeling Essay

Packaging and Labeling What you’ll learn . . . †¢ The principal functions of product packaging †¢ The main functions of labels Packaging †¢ The physical container or wrapping for a product. Functions of Packaging †¢ Promoting and Selling the Product Functions of Packaging †¢ Defining Product Identity – invokes prestige, convenience, or status Functions of Packaging †¢ Provides Information – UPC symbols, contents, guarantees, nutritional value, potential hazards Functions of Packaging †¢ Meeting Customer Needs – various sizes, snack kits, etc. Functions of Packaging †¢ Ensuring Safe Use – plastic instead of glass, tamperresistant packaging, blisterpacks, childproof containers To read about the Tylenol murders in 1982, and the resulting invention of the tamperproof package, click on the Tylenol box above. Functions of Packaging †¢ Protecting the Product – during shipping, storage, and display. Protects food from spoilage. Helps prevent shoplifting Contemporary Packaging Issues †¢ Aseptic Packaging – Incorporates a technology that keeps foods fresh without refrigeration for extended periods Contemporary Packaging Issues †¢ Environmental Packaging – reusable, recyclable, less wasteful, and safer for the environment Contemporary Packaging Issues †¢ Cause Packaging – to promote non-product issues such as social and political causes Ex: Body Shop, Ben & Jerry’s Click on the ice cream carton to learn about cause packaging at Ben and Jerry’s Labeling †¢ A label is an information tag, wrapper, seal, or imprinted message attached to a product A labels main function is to inform about contents and give directions Brand Label – gives the brand name, etc. Descriptive Label †¢ Information about product use, care, other features Grade Label †¢ States the quality – AA, A, B Labeling Laws †¢ Many package labels must meet local, state, and federal standards †¢ FDA – Federal Food and Drug Administration – requires nutritional info, regulates health claims and defines descriptive terms such as â€Å"light,† â€Å"free,† â€Å"low,† and â€Å"reduced† to make them consistent on all products †¢ FTC – Federal Trade Commission – monitors for deceptive advertising that is false or misleading, including guidelines for environmental claims like â€Å"recycled† or â€Å"biodegradable.†

All in One Development Project Proposal

All in One Development Project Proposal Project Proposal: Restaurant in a building or in other words all-in one building. In Malaysia, this type of building is rarely be found as people are looking for it. Most of the building in Malaysia have a single function. Background Project â€Å"Restaurant and Convention† is a place that people can eat in the building as well as having meeting or held any events. Restaurant means a business that serves food and drinks to customers in exchange for money. Normally, meals are served and be eaten in the restaurant or also can be take-out. Besides that, restaurant is a place for people to have a great time with family and friends. Convention can be define as a place for large scale of people gathering with the same and common interest. Convention may refer to; Meeting Convention: A place for individual people who meets at a certain arranged place and time in order to discuss in some common interest. Fan Convention: It is a place to hold an event for the fans of a partic ular comic book, actors, celebrities, artists, gather to participate and do programs. Some also incorporate commercial activity. Wedding Convention: Is a place where people hold a wedding ceremony at a certain arranged place and time. So this proposed project is a combination between restaurant and convention where people can dine-in and at the same time can hold any events at the Convention halls. Proposed Site Location The proposed site location is located at the beach in Malacca called Klebang Beach. This beach is one of the best attraction in Malacca where the famous Coconut Shake is located near the beach. The purpose of choosing this site not only because of the attraction, it is because it has a nice view facing the sea, always have cool breeze blowing or natural ventilation, natural lighting from the sun and etc. Besides that, it is also near the main road, called Klebang Besar road. Below is the location map of Klebang beach from the Malacca State (Map 1.1) and prop osed site of part of Klebang Beach (Map 1.2). Map 1.1 Picture above shows the location of the site at the Part of Malacca Map. Map 1.2 Picture above shows the site from the Klebang beach. Principal Reasons For Undertaking The Proposed Project The preparations for Malacca District development goals of the Malacca District Local Plan can be explained when the framework that has the details and important point for guiding the Malacca district development about five to ten years until the year of 2015, based on Vision 2020, Malacca State Government, and Ministry of Tourism and Culture.

Past and current trends of the use and abuse of substances in the Essay - 1

Past and current trends of the use and abuse of substances in the United States - Essay Example Cocaine is another of the principal drugs which Latin America is the main producer particularly the nation of Columbia. This paper discusses the past and current trends in drug consumption in the American society. During the 20th century the American society went through various wars that brought instability to this community. Warfare is variable the influences drug consumption by increase its usage especially among the soldiers involved in the ordeal. After the Vietnam War thousands of soldiers came back to the states extremely addictive to heroin, cocaine and methaphinimines. During this time in the 1960’s a group of young people commonly referred to as hippies were highly involved in drug consumption and trade which increased the usage of drugs especially marijuana in the US. A hippie is a person who opposes and rejects many of the conventional products and society, especially one who advocates extreme liberalism in sociopolitical attitudes and society (Answers, 2008). In the 1980’s the drug trade of cocaine and overall consumption of this drug increase drastically among the middle and high class in the United States. The price of a kilo of cocaine was much higher than it is now and the drug lords invented a new product to capitalize on the addictive nature of the substance and have a cheap product that could be used to target the lower middle class and Americans living in poverty. This new devil was called crack cocaine. Crack is derivative of cocaine which is more hazardous, cheaper to produce and much more addictive than cocaine in itself. The bigger victims of the crack epidemic were the poor Afro-American and Latino communities living in poverty low income communities commonly referred to as hoods. Marijuana a natural drug that is actually a flower is the most popular drug in America. Over 94 million American or approximately 30% of the American population has used marijuana at some point in

Role of high frequency trading in modern financial markets Essay

Role of high frequency trading in modern financial markets - Essay Example High Frequency Trading or HFT used propriety trading strategies which allow traders and firms to conclude transactions within the micro-seconds. With the help of sophisticated computer algorithms as well as other tools positions can be easily taken and closed within seconds or less than a second to take advantage of the smallest movements in the prices of the securities. HFT firms are not only market makers but they offer critical liquidity to the market also. In 2000, the overall volume of HFT was relatively low however, during the recent years, it witnessed an explosive growth. Firms are increasingly relying on HFT to gain required advantage as well as to remain ahead of the competition. The closely guarded algorithms process large volume of data at really rapid speed and offer cost advantage while having smaller portfolio holding periods. Though the overall number of firms using HFT is relatively low however, the overall volume of trade showed erratic trends with rapid increase as well as decrease in the overall trading activity. This paper will discuss and describe what High Frequency Trading is and will further elaborate on the role of HFT in modern financial markets. Modern financial Markets Financial Markets are still under the stress of financial meltdown which started during 2007-2008. With massive breakdown of banks and other financial institutions, the crisis exposed the overall vulnerable nature of the modern financial markets and created an uncertainty over the ability of modern markets to function properly and effectively. Though the major impact of the financial crisis is over however, financial markets are still under the stress. In such an environment, regulatory bodies have developed rules and regulations which did not allow firms to take on the speculative positions and implement proper risk management systems in place. The importance of new parameters of risk became significant specially in the wake of the recent financial crisis wherein reg ulatory bodies became relatively more conscious in terms of erratic behavior of financial services firms. (Aldridge, 24) It is also critical to note that the financial markets have grown more complicated over the period of time. The sheer size and volume of the transactions, the use of information technology as well as development of sophisticated trading and valuation models added more complexity to the overall markets. Despite the fact that the markets operate on the basis of the perfect market hypothesis and all the subsequent theory has been developed on this promise, it is still important to note that many imperfections exist in markets allowing market makers and investors to take advantage of such opportunities. There has been a relentless improvement and development of modern technology which will continue to dominate the present and future of the financial markets at the global level. The development of new technologies has actually created new opportunities which human trad ers may not be able to spot as well as execute. As such, modern financial institutions tend to focus on combining the power of human insight with the speed and efficiency of the modern

Develop business aptitude skills including communication, Assignment - 1

Develop business aptitude skills including communication, presentation, and leadership abilities - Assignment Example Having several meetings would help in a better analysis of the problem and many issues will be highlighted which may have been missed in a meeting otherwise. It is strongly recommended that the teams comes prepared for every meeting and if the team is too big then the researcher can even break the teams into several sub teams as a few team members may provide a better insight of the problem. Coming prepared for the meeting always helps. The researcher can even ask all the teams to come up with a list of the problems that they think is the problem and if they don’t want to discuss it they can just hand over that page and may be the results are surprising. The researcher should basically look at avoiding two major types of conflict types at the meeting. One is the real profession differences and the other is power struggle and the issues related to personality types (Michelle, 2002). There are chances that different teams don’t like each other so there are a lot of chance s to conflicts to rise. There may be a few members of the team who know a lot but due to certain team pressures can’t say anything so the researcher needs to have strong analytical skills so that he can interpret the situation better. The researcher is suggested to be alert in the meetings as he has to sense the increasing tension in the atmosphere. He needs to quickly analyse who the troublemakers are. In a situation where there are chances for the situation to get tensed so it is better to state the rules for the meeting in advance. For instance, the meeting rules can include things like Individuals not allowed to speak until they raise their hands and just one person is allowed may speak at one time, the researcher needs to keep summarizing what has been said so that everyone understands. One more rule can be that everyone is invited to contribute and not just one person is to over the discussion. Two important questions for IT people One very important question to ask is about the software they are using and reason for using it. The other question can be the benefits and problems they have associated with the current system. The third question can be which system or software they plan to use in future and what are its pros and cons. Two important questions for manufacturing people Two very important questions to be asked from the manufacturing people are the processes that are using currently and what are the problems associated with it. After this the researcher needs to identify the gap areas and come up with suggestions. Two important questions for marketing people Marketing plays an extremely important role in making any business successful. So a lot of important questions are lined up for the researcher to ask. One very important question is to ask the success of the current marketing plan. Ask them how properly they have identified their markets. What do they think is the market potential for their product? And also ask the marketing strategie s that their competitors are using and what measures and procedures do they use o check the competitors strategy. Two important questions for distribution people One of the very important teams in such a business kind is the distribution team. The efficiency of the distribution channel and how quickly they respond to the orders and what feedback they get are few

Is increasing knowledge making life more worrying and uncertain in Essay

Is increasing knowledge making life more worrying and uncertain in contemporary society - Essay Example While knowledge has always existed, in the traditional society it was established knowledge. Knowledge society on the other hand refers to the change in knowledge in different fields like political, economical, social and cultural life. Knowledge is essential for every activity in life be it in the form of sophisticated academic knowledge in the form of text books like medical science to common sense like how to look after ourselves and our children. The speed at which knowledge is produced and disseminated across the globe has been the root cause of the change taking place in the society. Knowledge in the contemporary society takes different forms and it is created and disseminated through multiple sites. To conduct their daily lives, people seek knowledge on health, jobs and relationships. There are numerous advisers and counselors available apart from the myriad of information available on the internet. Experts are known by different high-sounding names like therapists and planners. Even in spiritualism and healthcare there is virtually knowledge explosion. In the field of technology, enormous changes in people’s lives can be seen. The personal computer externally looks the same and is made of the same metals that it was same say 5 years ago but is much more powerful. The input of human intelligence added to it ahs rendered it powerful. Technology is used to reduce costs in manufacturing sector, in marketing and distribution. Technology has led foreign firms to outsource their back-office operations to distant lands like India. Local firms now have global networks. Communication technologies have rendered distant and size of corporations insignificant. Economic changes have brought about changes in consumption pattern, increased purchasing power in the hands of the people and the markets have become consumer-driven. Despite all these changes and advancements, knowledge society has created a risk society which is associated with the growth of the

Arab Discussion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Arab Discussion - Essay Example The passive approach is necessary because of the role of culture as an integral factor to people’s quality of life and as well a barrier to nursing care. Even though some cultural practices undermine provision of care, members of the society are informed of benefits of culture to their well-being and a contrary approach may be a threat to their perspective to health care. A tolerant approach with understanding and persuasion will therefore offer Mrs. Nasser, who has a cultural reason against the physical examination, an opportunity to consider alternative approaches to testing the patient towards efficient treatment. Persuasion can also help in establishing the need for examination towards effective treatment (Andrews and Boyle, 2008; Kulwicki, 2013). Culturally congruent strategies that may be effective in addressing Mrs. Nasser’s needs Strategies towards cultural competence identify congruency towards meeting Mrs. Nasser’s needs to preserve her cultural orienta tion and to cure her ill daughter. Cultural awareness is one of the culturally congruent strategies that that may be effective in resolving the issues towards the needs and being informed of the sensitivity to young girls’ virginity in the Arab culture is an example that could help the nurse in handling the situation by informing the nurse of potential obstacle to care. It involves being informed of a society’s cultural constructs for a suitable approach to providing care to culturally sensitive clients. Cultural awareness would inform the nurse of the negative opinion towards physical examination of young girls’ genitals and ensure a less controversial approach. The nurse could similarly be informed of the society’s sensitivity towards young girls’ virginity and explain the fact that examination by a female nurse would not threaten the cultural perspective. Establishing a set of strategies towards cultural cohesion is another culturally congruent strategy that may be effective in addressing the client’s needs. This strategy equips a nurse with alternative approaches to integrate the client’s culture with necessary nursing practices towards meeting the needs (Andrews and Boyle, 2008; Dreachslin, Gilbert and Malone, 2012). This strategy can be developed from a nurse’s experience with Nasser’s culture and through constructs of cultural competence approach such as â€Å"cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounters, and cultural desire† (Votroubek and Tobacco, 2010, p. 579). Cultural sensitivity and intelligence, from the competencies, would also help the nurse in selecting available strategies towards managing Mrs. Nasser’s cultural fears and agreeing on a suitable approach to testing the girl. In applying cultural sensitivity, for example, the nurse should understand the Arab culture’s sensitivity to young girls’ virginity and the extent to which the society can sacrifice to protect the cultural observation apply incorporate this in building Nasser’s confidence that her daughter’s virginity would not be compromised (Votroubek and Tobacco, 2010). Ensuring that Mrs. Nasser’s concerns are addressed and Samia receive appropriate care The nurse can ensure that Nasser’s concerns are addressed and Samia receive appropriate care by understanding the involved cultural barrier to the proposed care approach, identifying

Macroeconomics of my own life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Macroeconomics of my own life - Essay Example On a day-to-day basis, our firm refines crude oil into useable forms, be it diesel, petrol or gas among others. The global market exhibits a great need for these products and this need does not get fully satisfied at any particular time. As such, even when we produce in excess, there would always be market for the products. But an interesting phenomenon I observed was the fact that with increased need for our products in the market, the prices would go up. Such are the times when, say, we receive more than usual orders. Macroeconomics refers to this need as demand (Sexton 105). This observed phenomenon has been documented by Mankiw (69) who notes that with increase in demand, there would be a consequent increase in price, all other factors held constant as retrieved from the demand curve. Even though the demand curve dictates that there would a proportionate decrease in price with decrease in demand, our firm often takes time to decrease its prices with decrease in demand. And even t he minimal decrease in price would not be comparable to the price increase trend. This could be attributed to factors held constant when theorizing the demand curve as documented by Mankiw (69). In our company, these factors could be customer loyalty and the limited substitute options in the industry since our firm controls a significant portion of the oil market in its locality. Furthermore, the government has set guidelines that govern the pricing in the gas industry because of the important role that the industry plays in driving the economy. In macroeconomics, the government would be said to have interest in the aggregate supply which encompasses the economy’s productive capacity for goods and services (Sexton 167). To further illustrate the effect of demand on the prices of our products, the 2008 economic recession provides an appropriate example. During this time, a majority of the countries were facing hard economic times and could therefore not engage in meaningful pr oduction activities. Similarly, a majority of air travels for instance reduced as people sought for ways of cutting down on their expenses. This meant that the demand for our products should have declined during the same period. But on the contrary, the demand increased with other countries joining in the list of our existing customers. As such, the prices of our commodities kept rising to an all-time high before the government set up proper guidelines on pricing. Information acquired from macroeconomics argues against this trend for the good of the economy. The increase in prices of oil products slows down economic activities, which in turn reduces the final goods and services which the country produces for its market at any given time, referred to as gross domestic product, GDP by (Sexton 585). This would be determined by summing up the output from each enterprise to give a total. The GDP serves as a significant indicator of the living standards of a country. The government apprec iates this fact and would thus step in to contain any factors that threaten the economy such as excessive increase in the cost of production, say due to increase in the prices of oil products. Whereas there would be times when the firm receives plenty of supplies of crude oil, there would also be times of limited supply. With oil producing and exporting countries being prone to wars, war would be the leading reason for limited supplies from such countries. During such times of low

Intoduce two organizations from United Nations Essay

Intoduce two organizations from United Nations - Essay Example The United Nation’s General Assembly is the main organization within the UN. The General Assembly is the primary organization for deliberation. This organization contains all of the nations that are a part of the United Nations. In terms of how frequently this organization meets, it’s noted that regular yearly sessions occur. Regarding hierarchy, â€Å"the organization elects a yearly president that oversees the presiding meetings† (Fasulo, p. 21). The annual meeting occurs over a two-week period. During this time all organizations are given an opportunity to address the assembly. The formal proceedings of this assembly feature an opening statement by the Secretary-General. This statement is followed by a statement from the president of the assembly. After lengthy debate and presentations occur the General Assembly will oftentimes vote on important issues. In terms of the voting structure, it’s necessary for two-thirds of the organization to vote and agree on an issue before it is enacted. There are a great amount of potential issues that could be considered at the General Assembly convention. Many of the predominant issues are human rights concerns. Another prominent United Nation’s organization is the Security Council. This organization’s primary responsibility is the establishment and maintenance of peace and security among countries. While the General Assembly has the power to pass security concerns, the Security Council is recognized as being the only organization that can pass biding regulations regard security concerns. While the General Assembly is composed of all nations that are members of the United Nations, the Security Council is restricted to certain nations. In these regards, â€Å"15 members are on the Security Council board, with five permanent members and ten non-permanent members† (Mesler, pg. 111). There are a number of elements related to this structure

Harvard Style Annotated Bibliography Essay Example for Free

Harvard Style Annotated Bibliography Essay 1. King, Rosemary. Oxford studies of religion. Preliminary HSC course ed. Melbourne, Victoria: Gary Underwood, 2010. 1-459. Print. 2. Rosemary King is an experienced teacher who worked with government, catholic and independent schools. She successfully completed the Graduate Certificate in World Religions from the University of New England (UNE) and is currently teaching at the Uniting Church’s MLC School located in Sydney, her position is the coordinator of service learning. 3. In the chapter on preliminary ‘Islam’, the topic mainly focuses on the view and study of Islam as one of the major religious traditions as a living religious system. It allows the reader to investigate the religious traditions and belief systems, examine the significance of all relating religious traditions in the life of a Muslim Adherent and communicates ideas, information and issues using the appropriate visual/written forms. 4. This text is written to support the syllabus studies of a preliminary/HSC student for studies of religion 1. 5. I feel that this text was useful when I was researching information regarding the Qu’ran, the Hadith, the Sunna, the Ijma and the Qiyas. The reason being for this was because it explained the purpose of all these traditions and the impact that is forced upon a Muslim by these traditions. Also how they guide a Muslim to living the life by the Qu’ran (Rules and regulations set by Allah, ‘God’) 6. I found that the information in this text was accurate and valid, although it could have been more in detail and less simplistic than it was. For example, when talking about a specific tradition I found that it could have been more in depth and informative.

Laser Eye Surgery Essay Example for Free

Laser Eye Surgery Essay Laser eye surgery has enabled millions of people to throw away their eyeglasses. Now several medical technology companies are hoping that lasers aimed at the feet will allow millions to take their socks off, even in public. The target is toenail fungus — an infection in an estimated 10 percent of American adults, or 23 million people — that causes toenails to become thick, yellow and fetid. If these lasers, which recently completed small clinical trials, work, they will represent a new way to treat nail infection by selectively irradiating fungi while leaving the nail and surrounding tissue intact. Right now, there is no sure cure. The fungi are so hardy that popular antifungal pills, which carry a small risk of liver damage, are completely successful less than half of the time. And a prescription lacquer, painted on the toenails daily for 48 weeks, has a complete cure rate of less than 10 percent. Pharmaceutical giants like Schering-Plough and Novartis are developing new lacquers, pills and ointments to battle the fungi. But some podiatrists and patients are pinning their hopes on the experimental laser treatments. Nomir Medical Technologies in Waltham, Mass., is developing a laser called Noveon for diseases like antibiotic-resistant staph infections as well as nail afflictions. Noveon is a type of laser already commonly used by doctors for treatments like cataract surgery, dental work and even hair removal. Noveon beams two different wavelengths of near-infrared light at toenails to selectively take aim at and kill fungi. After four treatments with Noveon, about half of the 39 toenails tested no longer had active nail infections, according to the results of a clinical trial that the company presented this month at a national dermatology  meeting. Six months after the initial treatment, about 76 percent of the volunteers had clear nail growth, the study reported. â€Å"We will be able to reach people who have heretofore stayed away from treatment because of the toxicity or the costs or other reasons,† said Richard F. Burtt, Nomir’s chief executive. Mr. Burtt said the company was preparing to submit the data to the Food and Drug Administration, hoping to receive clearance to market Noveon by this fall. The agency has already cleared Noveon for use on the skin and in nasal passages. But the company is not taking orders for or distributing the laser for nails until it receives specific permission to do so, Mr. Burtt said. Another company developing a laser, PathoLase, is so eager to get a piece of the billion-dollar-plus market for antifungal nail treatments that it has not waited for federal permission to begin marketing its device, the PinPointe Footlaser, for use on toenail fungus. Nearly 70 podiatrists in 21 states already offer PinPointe, according to PathoLase. The treatment, which is not covered by health insurance, costs $1,000 or more. The F.D.A. requires manufacturers to wait for federal clearance before marketing a medical device for specific uses. But PathoLase appears to have jumped the gun in the war on spores. Last week, a news broadcast by a Fox affiliate in Manhattan featured PinPointe as the latest thing for nail disorders. Dr. Stuart J. Mogul, a podiatrist in Manhattan who demonstrated the laser during the broadcast, said he had recently treated four patients with PinPointe at a cost of $1,200 each. He said it was too soon to tell whether the treatment had worked. â€Å"I explain to patients that the only risk is financial,† Dr. Mogul said in an interview last week. He added that representatives of PathoLase had told him that the F.D.A. had  approved the laser as being safe. Up until Tuesday, PinPointe’s Web site promoted the toenail laser as â€Å"F.D.A. cleared† and included an endorsement from a podiatrist in California saying he had used the device for six months on 225 patients. Because the F.D.A. cleared the device in 2001 for use in dentistry, doctors are free to use it for other purposes, John Strisower, the chief executive of PathoLase, said in an interview on Monday. Technically, the F.D.A. does not regulate the practice of medicine, so doctors are indeed able to use approved drugs and devices for unapproved purposes when they deem it appropriate.

Processes for the Classification of Organisms

Processes for the Classification of Organisms Classification of living organisms is the process of identifying, naming and sorting organisms in groups, based on their comparable genetic composition, similar characteristics, like development, certain growth requirements or that are found in only specific locations. Classification is like a short hand for scientists to improve understanding of behaviours, lives and the evolutionary advance of billions of life forms. Classification also allows communication between people regarding living organisms. Classification of many species, old and new, continues to be fiercely disputed as scientists find new information or interpret facts in different ways. Arguments between professionals in the field are vicious and as a result of new technologies sometimes species do change names, but only after an abundance of information has been gathered to support such a large change.   Ã‚   Throughout history we have gone from having originally only two kingdoms, to three, then four, five and now currently six. It is a constantly evolving process and due to the continuous development of new technologies such as DNA testing, electron microscopes and molecular sequencing there will almost certainly be more kingdoms in time to come (Lee and Bishop 2010). The classification system was born through the works of the ancient Greek philosopher and scientist Aristotle (384-322 BC). Aristotle had the foresight to document the differences he noted between objects that appeared to be living into two separate categories: plants and animals. Plants were observed to be primarily green in colour and were immobile and as such it seemed they must make their own food, whilst animals were mobile and could therefore move around and find food (Lee and Bishop 2010). In the 18th century, Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus refined the existing classification system of Aristotle and published a new method for classifying living things which has evolved into the modern day classification system. (Science Hub, accessed 18/2/2017) Linnaeus was the first scientist to develop a hierarchal naming structure that conveyed information both about what the species what else it me be relatives to through family grouping. Linnaeus system was able to communicate the intricate relationships between organisms to scientists worldwide and is why it was so widely accepted. Similarly to Aristotle, Linnaeus also acknowledged the differences between the two living groups and adopted the term Kingdoms to describe them. In the late 1670s a scientist named Van Leeuwenhoek discovered bacterial cells with the first microscope (Lee and Bishop, 2010). As scientists began using the microscope they were able to now evaluate single-celled organisms that had been previously unknown. These single cell organisms were classified as either plants or animals depending on the qualities they were found to have. Some single celled organisms identified were bacteria which where classified as animals. Other single-celled organisms that appeared to make their own food were classified as plants. Single cell protozoa were identified and amongst the properties of protozoa it was identified that could move on their own, as such, they were classified as animals. As more single-celled organisms were identified, many would not fit easily into either the plant or the animal kingdom as some had traits of both plants and animals. As a result, scientists could not agree on how to classify them. To address this problem, in 1866, b iologist Ernst Haeckel created a third kingdom for all single-celled organisms. This third Kingdom he named Protista (Burton and Engelkirk, 2000). In 1892 two scientists Beijerinck and Ivanoski also discovered the first viruses. Viruses however were not included in the classification system because they are not living cells (Lee and Bishop, 2010). Haeckels Protist Kingdom represented all of the known single-celled organisms, including both bacteria and protozoa. However it wasnt until the 1900s with the refinement of microscope technology that scientists discovered that bacteria were dissimilar from both plant and animal cells but also protozoa. The bacterial cell does not contain a nucleus, rather its DNA is located in the cytoplasm of the cell. Figures 1 and 2 demonstrate the differences between a bacterial cell with no nucleus and an animal cell which contains a nucleus (Modern Classification Systems accessed 20/2/2017). In the 1920s, microbiologist Edouard Chatton gave bacteria the name prokaryotes. He described a prokaryote as an organism whose cells were without nuclei. He gave the name eukaryotes to all other organisms (Caprette, accessed 7/2/2017). Chatton suggested placing prokaryotes and eukaryotes in a new taxon above the kingdom, called the Superkingdom. However, this idea did not become popular, and most biologists continued to put bacteria in the protist kingdom. Over the next several decades, scientists learned more about the large number and variety of microorganisms such as bacteria. They considered a need for a distinct bacteria kingdom. By 1956, biologist Herbert Copeland suggested placing bacteria in a new kingdom called Monera. With the addition of the Monera kingdom, the Linnaean taxonomy converted to a four-kingdom system. The next large development in the kingdom classification structure came in the 1960s. Robert Whittaker, an ecologist, planned to add a fifth kingdom to the Linnaean taxonomy to represent fungi. Up until this time fungi had been categorized into the plant kingdom. Whittaker separated fungi from plants on the basis that fungi do not make their own food but gain nutrients by breaking down dead organisms. He also proposed Kingdom Prokaryotae (as an extra to Monera) to include all of the prokaryotes, which were all considered to be bacteria (Freedman, 2006). By the 1970s, scientists had begun to classify organisms in ways that reflected evolutionary relationships. (Lewis, accessed 21/2/2017) They had also started using nucleic acid base arrangements to identify these relationships. These organisms are so small that they have limited physical qualities however nucleic acid sequence data are useful for studying bacteria. Examination of bacterial nucleic acid sequences has demonstrated that bacteria include two separate groups of organisms. Using genetics to compare and contrast the different bacteria Carl Woese, a microbiologist, proposed there were both true bacteria and ancient bacteria. The two different types of bacteria were found to have different ways of creating energy. Unlike true bacteria, ancient bacteria get energy from a wide variety of unusual sources, such as hydrogen, metal ions and ammonia, and their cell membranes have a different structure, with ether-linked fats instead of the ester-linked fats found in the membranes of true bacteria. (Burton, Engelkirk Paul, 2000) and the ancient bacteria could also endure severe environments and temperatures. The two groups were called Eubacteria and Archaebacteria. Both Eubacteria and Archaebacteria are in the prokaryotic kingdom (Bird et al. 2014). However perhaps in time their classification will diversify into two separate kingdoms. The process of classification itself is constantly evolving and is forever under construction, with the discovery of new organisms all the time; which invariably leads to more taxonomic groups being created. When new organisms are discovered they may not fit into a specific group, therefore a new group may need to be created. The discovery of the true and ancient bacteria lead the question that as new discoveries are made with advancing DNA, and molecular sequencing technology there will almost certainly be the classification not only of a sixth Kingdom but several more Kingdoms in the future. Bibliography History of Taxonomy Ricky, Lewis  http://www.biologyreference.com/Ta-Va/Taxonomy-History-of.html  Last Accessed Tuesday 21 February 2017   Modern Classification Systems CK-12s High School Biology textbook  https://opencurriculum.org/5366/modern-classification-systems/  Last Accessed Monday 20th February 2017 Power point SCB61 Biodiversity and Connectedness Trinity Christian School  Last Accessed Friday 10th February 2017 Experimental Biosciences, Resources for introductory intermediate level laboratory courses. David R. Caprette, Rice University.  http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~bioslabs/studies/invertebrates/kingdoms.html  Last Accessed 7 February 27, 2017 The six Kingdoms,  http://www.ric.edu/faculty/ptiskus/six_kingdoms/  Last Accessed 7 February 2017 The Applications and Limitations of Taxonomy (In classification of organisms) An anthology of Current Thought.  Published 2006, Rosen Publishing Group, Inc. Copyright 2006. First Edition.  Edited by Jeri Freedman. Nelson Biology Units 1 2 For the Australian Curriculum. First Edition  Bird Stephen, Borger Pam, Evergreen Merrin, Martin Genevieve, Pappas Xenia, Walker Katrina, Woolnough Jim, Wright Jane,  Published by Nelson, 2014. Microbiology for the Health Sciences, Sixth Edition  Burton R.W G, Engelkirk G. Paul.  Published by Lippincott Williams Wilkins, 2000. Microbiology and infection control for health professionals. Fourth Edition.Lee Gary, Bishop Penny  Published by Pearson Publishing, 2010. Science learning hub Classification System. The university of Waikato https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/1438-classification-system Carl Woese, a microbiologist, proposed there were both true bacteria and ancient bacteria Last Accessed 18 February 2017

Common Sense :: essays research papers

The Declaration of Independence And the work of Thomas Paine: Common Sense   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The pamphlet Common Sense, made by Thomas Paine, was invaluable to informing the people of how they owed no loyalty to Britain. I am also a strong believer that this document indirectly helped lead to one of the key parts leading to the American Revolution, The Declaration of Independence.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Thomas Paine had failed in other lines of work as a corseter, seaman, and tax officer. He then met Benjamin Franklin who helped him immigrate to Philadelphia, where his journalism career began. He wrote the pamphlet Common Sense, which was a very strong defense of American Independence from Britain. Without his passionate, convincing words we may never have had as many colonists with a patriotic state of mind.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  I’m sad to say that after this great contribution to his country he returned to England, engaging in other mishaps. He was incarcerated for not endorsing the execution of King Louis XVI. While in jail he became an atheist and wrote â€Å"The Age of Reason† which became the first section of the deist-atheist text. At least he helped influenced the American Revolution, and that’s what I think we should remember him by. As for the Declaration of Independence, I believe that his words influenced the representatives of the states, as well as the average American. On July 4th 1776 the thirteen states unanimously passed the Declaration of Independence, which was written by Thomas Jefferson. He was chosen because of his well-known skill of legible writing. It was not that the ideas shown of the document those of his own, but the shared ideas of many representatives, who would later on proof-check Thomas’ work to make sure no crucial ideas were left out.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the Declaration of Independence rights that still exist today are first installed.

Characteristics of Gilgamesh and Enkidu in Fosters The Epic of Gilgame

Everyone has qualities that are heroic and noble, and everyone has their flaws. No matter who they are, or how perfect others think they are, people still have some negative qualities that can hurt their heroic ones. In the book, The Epic of Gilgamesh, by Benjamin Foster, both Gilgamesh and Enkidu had positive and negative characteristics that affected the outcome of their journey and their adventures they experienced throughout their lives. Gilgamesh was considered a hero because he had many great qualities, such as loyalty, perseverance, and heroism. Although these are heroic traits, he also had his flaws and was self-righteous, selfish, and prideful. Gilgamesh was a great man and was seen as flawless and â€Å"perfect in strength† (4). He represented almost a human version of a god; therefore, making it hard to see his flaws because he seems so ideal. He appeared like the perfect man that had absolutely nothing wrong with him. He was very courageous and this was evident when he states, â€Å"There dwells in the forest the fierce monster Humbaba, [You and I shall] kill [him] [And] wipe out [something evil from the land]† (18). This statement shows both a heroic quality and a flaw in Gilgamesh. It shows his heroism and how he felt that he could accomplish great things. His statement also shows how prideful he was because he always wanted the glory and wanted to be seen as the hero. This comes from the fact that he was part human and part god and he knew how amazing everyone thought he was and felt that he needed to live up to that expectation. This can be seen as both positive and negative because it shows his determination, but yet shows his pride. Being prideful is not necessarily a good thing because in this situati... ...eders, that journey is not to be undertaken† (21). His loyalty is obvious here because he was looking out for his friend and did not want him to go on any dangerous encounters. He also showed his loyalty and how much he respected Gilgamesh as a friend by stating, â€Å"Two cubs are [stronger] than a mighty lion† (39). He reinstates that they can handle anything together, and they will always face troubles together. He can be viewed as a bit of a follower because he sometimes fell into the steps of Gilgamesh and even though they were able to bring out great ideas in each other and accomplish great things, he still knew his place as a human, and that he would never be able to be seen as an equal to Gilgamesh. But because they both had similar heroic qualities, they were able to benefit each other with them, and they both really made a difference in each other’s lives.

Capital Punishment :: essays research papers

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Capital Punishment -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Should Christians support the death penalty? The answer to that question is controversial. Many Christians feel that the Bible has spoken to the issue, but others believe that the New Testament ethic of love replaces the Old Testament law. Old Testament Examples Throughout the Old Testament we find many cases in which God commands the use of capital punishment. We see this first with the acts of God Himself. God was involved, either directly or indirectly, in the taking of life as a punishment for the nation of Israel or for those who threatened or harmed Israel. One example is the flood of Noah in Genesis 6-8. God destroyed all human and animal life except that which was on the ark. Another example is Sodom and Gomorrah (Gen. 18-19), where God destroyed the two cities because of the heinous sin of the inhabitants. In the time of Moses, God took the lives of the Egyptians' first-born sons (Exod. 11) and destroyed the Egyptian army in the Red Sea (Exod. 14). There were also punishments such as the punishment at Kadesh-Barnea (Num. 13-14) or the rebellion of Korah (Num. 16) against the Jews wandering in the wilderness. The Old Testament is replete with references and examples of God taking life. In a sense, God used capital punishment to deal with Israel's sins and the sins of the nations surrounding Israel. The Old Testament also teaches that God instituted capital punishment in the Jewish law code. In fact, the principle of capital punishment even precedes the Old Testament law code. According to Genesis 9:6, capital punishment is based upon a belief in the sanctity of life. It says, "Whoever sheds man's blood by man his blood shall be shed, for in the image of God, He made man." The Mosaic Law set forth numerous offenses that were punishable by death. The first was murder. In Exodus 21, God commanded capital punishment for murderers. Premeditated murder (or what the Old Testament described as "lying in wait") was punishable by death. A second offense punishable by death was involvement in the occult (Exod. 22; Lev. 20; Deut 18-19). This included sorcery, divination, acting as a medium, and sacrificing to false gods. Third, capital punishment was to be used against perpetrators of sexual sins such as rape, incest, or homosexual practice. Within this Old Testament theocracy, capital punishment was extended beyond murder to cover various offenses.

Purchasing Behaviour on Skin Care Products Essay

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study is to analyse the purchasing behaviour of the younger generation on skin care products. A total of 200 respondents took part in this survey. From the analysis, it was found that Environmental Concerns was ranked the highest among the six variables chosen for the study. The other remaining variables are price, packaging, promotion, branding and self Image. Keywords: Skin care products, consumer behaviour, purchasing behaviour, image, marketing, life style INTRODUCTION Facial skin care product is a personal usage (Rence, 2004). Consumers have many different attribute beliefs toward a product or a service. These bundles of beliefs form one‟s attitude toward that product or service. Marketers need to figure out the buying pattern of external and internal factor which affect customers intention to purchase. It is important to comprehend the buying habit of consumer due to changing technology and uncertain future perception and caused the buying pattern of consumer become fickle with every generation (Rence, 2004). Up till now, facial skin care has played a hand in Malaysia market. Malaysia‟s consumer lifestyle has been changing due in part to give a rising in affluence and education levels. In order to shape the consumer buying behaviour, the high profile international retailers and the global mass media have also take a role on it. Malaysians are becoming more westernized, sophisticated and cosmopolitan. Sales of skin care products are designed to moisturize, cleans, tone, and otherwise maintain the skin. Eight products are included in this category as depicted in Figure I. Figure I: Sales of skin care product 2002 Source: http://www.greyhouse.com/pdf/rcos_pgs.pdf The potential of youth market has gain an insight of the marketers in today‟s‟ market. Consumers are now more aware of what they are wearing on their bodies, and they are willing to pay for products which enhance appearances and keep them looking  young and fit (Nair 2007). 20 year olds now use anti-aging products (Mouthong et. al. 2008). Consumers do really care about the type of product applied on their face or skin to beautify themselves. In the craze of skin care industry, marketers need to be alert with any opportunity to buzz the market. Marketers have long coveted the youth market for its buying power, 8 International Journal of Undergraduate Studies, 1(1), 8-14, 2012 influence on family spending, and willingness to try new products and brands. This show the younger generation are a force to be reckoned with. Hence the purpose of the study is to analyse the purchasing behaviour of skin care products among the younger generation. REVIEW OF LITERATURE The skin care in Asia has growing rapidly in recent years. The main aim of any cosmetic product is, to modify the appearance and/or correct body odour, and/or protect or keep the different outer surfaces of the human body in good condition (Cuadrado 2007). Six out of ten Hong Kong people have a low self-esteem on their facial skin qualities (MVA Hong Kong Limited, 2010). People are starting at a younger age and spending more on facial skin care products and facial treatment services. In Thailand, whitening skin care lotion has been very popular in Thailand for the past few years. In 2003, it commanded 60 percent of the total skin care product market. The leading brand in this sub-sector includes Nivea, Ponds, and Oil of Olay. Skin repair lotion and cream commanded approximately 20 percent (Estee Lauder, Clinique, Lancome, Eucedrin, Oil of Olay); facial oil reduction lotion and cream commanded 5 percent (Johnson and Johnson, Ponds, Oil of Olay), and general skin care and moisturizer commanded 15 percent such as Johnson and Johnson, Baby Mild, Nivea, Ponds, Vaseline, Citra, Care (Mouthong et. al. 2008). Skin care is defined as the maintenance of the hygienic state of the skin under optimal conditions of cleanliness and comfort. Effective in skin care are proper washing, bathing, cleansing, and the use of soaps, detergents, oils. Face is the reflection of an individual‟s physical appearance. Generally, the beauty of a person is described by the look of one‟s face. The industry manufactures products like astringent, face cream, face scrub, face toner, moisturizer, cleanser, etc. Some of these products are used for clarification and purification of the facial skin from dust and harmful rays of the sun while others are used for toning. There is no guarantee of skin  beauty retention, but a regular face skin care program is essential for a youthful maintenance. Purchasing decision of consumer sometime is unpredictable. Based on some studies, consumers can be very selective in what they are choosing, which makes consumer-orientation vital for firms in order to gain a so-called â€Å"share-of-mouth† (Kotler and Keller, 2006; Van Trijp and Meulenberg, 1996). According to Duncan, (2005), consumer motive is defined as â€Å"internal impulses that when simulated initiate some type of response.† Consumer motive is one of internal impulses to fulfill their wants and needs. The marketing mix which applies by most companies no doubt is one of the elopements to meet consumer motive. Consumer motives will be affected by price, place, promotion and product (Peter and Donnelly, 2007). Several authors have agreed that the traditional marketing mix has been defined as a set of controllable instrument to manage the controllable and dynamic marketing environmental and consists of four major (P‟‟): price, product, promotion and place (Stanton et. al.(991); McCarthy and Perreault 1993). One vital proposition in research is that the choice objective and the nature of consumption situation are critical because they influence all phases of perceived risk processing through decision making (Aqueveque 2006). People normally purchase facial skin care according to their needs. Since the body skin has a slightly different cellular structure than the skin care product, a facial skin product is essential to cleanse the dirt and grime off easily while at the same time rejuvenate skin cells so that the healthy glow will show. Batra and Kazmi (2004) „‟asserts the broader stages of a consumer’s decision making process that includes problem identification (feeling need of a new car), information search (on internet and showrooms), evaluation of alternatives (comparing brands, for instance’ on basis of repute and features), outlet selection and purchase (purchasing selected item) and post-purchase action (satisfaction or dissonance)‟‟. As for facial skin care product, the factors that influence the buyer would include: beliefs in product attribute, environmental concern, demographic and personal characteristic which induce the consumer to purchase the facial sk in care product. Lower prices do not really affect the purchasing decision. Evidence shows some consumer even failed to recall the purchase prices (Dickson and Sawyer 1990). Most people understand the basic premise of supply and demand, and realize the impact these factors have on prices  (Bolton et. al. 2003). However, according to Bobinski et al. (1996), consumers tend to purchase products during the discount period. It was reported that over 60 percent of US department store volume is sold at â€Å"sales† period. In general, lowering the price is a common method used by many companies. Majority of consumer respond to lower price and quality improvement and also design and packaging of container. Consumers responded to lower price, improve quality and sophisticated container design (Lee, 1993; Lee, 1998; Kim, 2001). International Journal of Undergraduate Studies, 1(1), 8-14, 2012 Packaging and design of skin care product plays an important role to grasp the customer‟s attention. Just as important as the package‟s language, appeals could lead consumer to make an aesthetic-based decision which is a vital step in targeting personal care goods to male consumers (Schaefer, 2007). Product with good design and packaging can be attractive and allure consumer make unplanned decision. Consumers not only respond to lower price and improve quality but also to sophisticated container design (Lee, 1993; Lee, 1998; Kim, 2001). Packaging design has an influence in consumers buying decision process. People tend to like aesthetics. Sales Promotion is defined as .marketing activities usually specific to a time period, place or customer group, which encourages a direct response from consumer or marketing intermediaries, through the offers of additional benefits (Peattie and Peattie 1994). Sampling is one of the promotion methods that are used often by companies. Samples are a good way to test market response. McGuinness et. al. (1995) considers product sampling as a sales promotion technique used by marketers to encourage â€Å"consumer trial†. The main purpose is to increase product sales by providing incentives to consumer directly. Kim (1998) insisted that discount stores were the popular place consumer considers visiting. Berger and Mitchell (1989) found that indirect experiences, such as advertising, are just as influential as direct experiences in changing the accessibility of attitudes. Advertising arouses consumers‟ buying decision, influencing them to buy on impulse (Kollat and Willett, 1969). However, according to Rotfield (1999), advertisement fails  to persuade consumers to make an initial purchase decision. Hawkins et al. (1998) indicated using â€Å"emotions† in advertisement has gained consumers‟ attention. Advertisement acts as a language to convey or expose information to public. Using celebrities is another form of advertising. Celebrities are able create awareness and good image of their own in the minds of the consumer (Seno and Lukas 2007). It enhances brand recognition of products and services. Celebrity endorsement can be described as â€Å"any individual who enjoys public recognition and who uses this recognition on behalf of a consumer good by appearing with it in an advertisement† (McCracken 1989). Branding is one of the strong elements to influence the consumer‟s purchase intention. A brand is a distinguishing name and/or symbol (such as logo, trademark, or package design) aimed to identify the goods or services, and to differentiate those goods or services from other competitors (Ghodeswar 2008). Brand runs very high in facial products. In general, brand figures out† how and who we are† (Seabrook, 1999). Trust is a feeling of security held by customers that the brand will meet their expectation (DelgadoBallester and Munurea-Aleman, 2005). Brand acts as a promise of future (Deighton 1992), which can increase the image of the company and also repurchase intentions. About 33% of women switched skin care brands during the past 12 months. They have a high level of curiosity and they wish to try something new (Household and Personal Products Industry, 2007). However, according to Engel et.al (1982), brand loyalty has great influence over the purchase intention. Brand identity is an important factor when making a purchase decision. For the last few decades, concerns about environmental degradation have been increasing (Chan and Lam, 2002; Laroche et al., 2001). Environmental concern refers to an affective attribute that can represent a person‟s worries, compassion, likes and dislikes about the environment (Yeung, 2005). As consumers have been recognizing the importance of protecting the environment, environmentalism has become a major issue in the marketplace (Brown, 1996; Kalafatis et al., 1999). Consumers are willing to pay higher price to purchase a products/ services that purport environmental friendly. Alston and Prince Roberts (1999) found, in their research on environmental strategy and new product development, that there was a willingness to pay slightly more for environmental improvement in cleaning products than to sacrifice product performance. Self image can be an element  which can enhance the confidence level of an individual. People try to become the being they desire to be by consuming the items that they imagine will help to create and sustain their idea of themselves, their image, their identity (Bocock, 1993). Some people believe selfimage leads to success. The concept of being a beautiful is identified as the key to success (Irons 2001; Peiss, 1993). Self image build up self-confidence and self esteem. People tend to make a purchase when they believe it will improve their appearance. The consumption of products has been identified as the contributing factors to the creation and attainment of desired self-image, identity and self- concept (Featherstone, 1993; Firat, 1993; Kellner, 1992; Mort, 1988; Schouten, 1991; Thompson and Hirschman, 1995). METHODOLOGY A total of 200 respondents have been randomly identified to participate in this survey. Data for this study is collected by means of a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire will be personally administered and collected. The independent variables to be tested would be the price, packaging, promotion, branding, environmental concerns and self-image. The purpose of the study is to determine which factors influence the buying behaviour of the consumer. DISCUSSION Respondents were asked to rank which variable was more important to them. 60 respondents (30%) ranked Environmental Concerns as the top variable when it comes to purchasing skin care products (Table I). The findings indicate that consumers do really care about the type of product applied on their face or skin to beautify themselves. There were reports of carcinogenic chemical found in many cosmetic products -including more than half of all baby soaps (Whitney 2007). Internal studies in the cosmetics industry show that many of their products can be contaminated by a carcinogenic impurity called 1,4-dioxane, and the EWG’s independent study showed that 1,4-dioxane is fairly widespread among cosmetic products. Consumers are concerned with their skin as once it has been contaminated the results will be a disaster for them. (Ranking: 1 = Highest 5 = Lowest) In terms of the correlation analysis, it was found that Environmental Concerns had the highest correlation value (r = 0.887) and since the p value is less than 0.05, this relationship is significant as seen in Table II. As consumers have been recognizing the importance of protecting the environment, environmentalism has become a major issue in the marketplace (Brown, 1996; Kalafatis et al., 1999). Consumers are willing to pay higher price to purchase a products/ services that purport environmental friendly. Branding was found to have a correlation value of 0.627. Brand acts as a promise of future (Deighton 1992), which can increase the image of the company and also repurchase intentions. Brands are also link with the activities of the companies. As such, if their products do not meet the safety regulation, consumers may not want to risk their skin. Promotion was found to have an r value of 0.595. Sales Promotion is defined as .marketing activities usually specific to a time period, place or customer group, which encourages a direct response from consumer or marketing intermediaries, through the offers of additional benefits (Peattie and Peattie 1994). From the average value, consumers are not really influenced by it. As for Packaging, the r value was found to be 0.485. Packaging and design of skin care product plays an important role to grasp the customer‟s attention. Just as important as the package‟s language, appeals could lead consumer to make an aesthetic-based decision which is a vital step in targeting personal care goods to male consumers (Schaefer, 2007). Price has a correlation value of r = 0.431. Lower prices do not really affect the purchasing decision. The findings agrees with the suggestion that consumer sometimes fail to recall the purchase prices (Dickson and Sawyer 1990). Self Image was found to have the lowest correlation value of r = 0.353. Self image build up self-confidence and self esteem. From the findings, it was found that consumers do care for it. The potential of youth market has gain an insight of the marketers in today‟s market. Consumers are now more aware of what they are wearing on their bodies, and they are willing to pay for products which enhance appearances and keep them looking young and fit (Nair 2007). From the analysis, it was found that Environmental Concerns was ranked the highest among the six variables chosen for the study. The other remaining variables are Price, Packaging, Promotion, Branding and Self Image. People do care for whatever will be applied to their skins. Skin cancers threats as a result of carcinogenic materials used for the preparation do affect the consumer‟s intention and decision to purchase the skin care product. After all, to most people, the face is the fortune. If the face is disfigured, it will be for life. No one would want this situation to happen to them. For future research, it would provide a better insight if more variables would be tested. Other variables that can be considered includes: company trends and company image. Besides that, it would be an interesting finding to be able to compare the different purchasing behaviour of people of various age groups. The older and younger generation thinks differently and would rank certain variables differently. An analysis to examine this would be beneficial and also important not only from the academic point of view but also the commercial sector.

Affirmative Action is Reverse Discrimination Essay

Racial inconsistency has broad been an growth curiously in the fall in States which is considered as a melting corp of distinct nation from antithetic heathenish and cultural backgrounds. Black lot subscribe to experienced extreme even base of operations form of in tinctity for centuries, however immediately, the swart bulk found an ally in the plausive natural run polity. This polity, after slightly time of implementation sparked debate since to a greater extent or less sight, even the corrosives themselves, say that give racial preferences is never a good thing. The indemnity has affected entranceway aspects in disciplines and enjoyment in stage businesss.Two meditate appli do-nothingts, a fair manly and a discolouramoor male, even with the same qualifications, the portentous male will likely drum the job because of racial preference provided by positive trans exertion. Black bulk be universe given a decided profit and white mountain would surface this an foul treatment. The same goes for school door policies where minorities are organism given a higher(prenominal) preference over white masses in order to agree a diverse school-age child tree trunk. Thesis affirmatory exercise virtues were made to eliminate or reduce discriminatory acts plainly at that place are numerous claims that these rectitudes ware converse the tide.Affirmative reachs laws whitethorn no semipermanent be considered fair in this afoot(predicate) setting since it single results in plagiarize unlikeness and it is no longer an sound office of providing opportunities for nonage groups. This sour unlikeness is constituted by racial preferences for blacks. This racial preference clouds the judgment of mevery educational institutions and employers since racial background is existence analyse instead of just the plain qualifications which many white large number energy scram inappropriate.Affirmative work on was envi sioned to localise an end to racial favoritism especially a agnisest black people. Under this policy, black people were given higher preferences in job and in admission policies in universities. This is stock-still not an answer to eliminating discrimination. Instead of large higher preferences to those people who are being discriminated such as the black people, a collapse alternative solution to racial discrimination would be to find move to eliminate discriminatory acts and aiming the field of force so that all people from different ethnic backgrounds will be presented with par plight opportunities.Since the black people are being given higher preferences, this whitethorn protrude as a form of discrimination against white people. Affirmative treat, instead of fulfilling its c erstption of eliminating discrimination, rather contri stilles to it. One of the major focuses of the optimistic execute mechanism debate is its inclusion in university admission policies whic h show higher preferences for black applicants. umpteen people live been call for the ban of the use of favourable activeness in the public arena.Voters in California, chapiter and dinero incur already submitted amendments to their arouse constitutions that would prohibit the use of positive deed in the public setting (Prince & Ryan, 2007). check to actor and columnist Joseph Phillips, positive fulfill is not an issue of nondiscrimination, it is now closely racial preferences. He emphasized on the point that racial preferences is not an potent way of fighting racism, instead, it brings more or less detrimental stereotypes especially in the educational domain wherein it pertains to a individuals intellectual capacity and academic capabilities (Prince & Ryan, 2007).In a Supreme Court vox populi in 2003 which involves the University of lucre which denounces use of racial preferences in its admission policies, the motor inn highlighted the goal of having a divers e bookman body which is brought ab out by optimistic action but critics say that this decision by the court would only spark more law suits and that the critics of favorable action would continue to barf pressure on the surgical incision of cultivation to discontinue the use of the policy (Marklein, 2003).Evidences have been presented regarding the cause of optimistic action however, these evidences eer picturem imperfect and ambiguous. A check up on of the policy during the Clinton administration indicated that active federal official enforcement of the policy in the 1970s resulted in government contractors moderately increasing the hiring of nonage workers. Studies have indicated that in that respect is only a meager increase in the avocation of black males. Employment share of black males in contractor firms in 1974 was 5. 8 part and this move into only change magnitude to 6. 7 portion in 1980.On the former(a) hand, the increase in non-contractor firms was from 5. 3 partage to 5. 9 per centum. Also, a warm number of black government employees got their jobs or promotion to managerial rank because of approbative action even if qualifications are self-styled (Galston). In the education sector, it was only during the altitude of the favorable action policy that the registration of black people was on a steady rise. From only 4. 9 percent in 1955, black enrollment went up to 7. 8 percent in 1970. The figure further increased to 9. 1 percent in 1980 and 11. 3 percent in 1990.On the other hand, according to a report from the Census Bureau, Hispanics holding bachelor-at-armss degrees or other advanced degrees went up to 9 percent in 1994 from only 5 percent in 1970 while the rate for blacks is 12. 9 percent from 4. 5 percent (Galston). Another issue that rises with approving action is that nonage groups whitethorn gain an image of inferiority since the whites may think that a black pupil was able to enter the university or a black some body is able to go away a job only because of affirmative action even if the black person has all the requirement qualifications (Hoffman).Overall, the past 30 years has been fruitful for the black people as they generally lived stop lives with remediate education and income all because of racial preferences. This has resulted into what Seymour Martin Lipset classifies as a ripening differentiation at bottom the community of black people from the growing black middle class to the ghetto forgetful. The affirmative action program would work better if it would take aim barriers for those who have the credentials to surveil instead of giving them a definite advantage in admissions. Anti-ThesisSupporters of affirmative action make use of the argument that it is necessary for the people compensate for years of discriminations against blacks. Many black people approve of affirmative action because it provides recompense against the discrimination that they have experienced and end ured in the past but not all black people share this kind of insight. Steele state that, theoretically, affirmative action is in moral proportion with fairness. She described the policy as crusader and corrective as well as repentant and redemptive.The country is trying to make up for its sins and wants to correct it but black people will lose more than what they will gain from the policy (Steele). more or less excessively argue that it is difficult to remove stereotyping and discrimination without the policy and that it is needed to allege diversity. Another argument states that affirmative action should continue because racism still exists in this society. The argument that affirmative action is needed for the white people to compensate for the discrimination against blacks is shrouded in hatred and appears as a form of retaliation against the white people.However, retaliation will not improve the situation. It might even spark more discrimination against black people if aff irmative action policies continue to be implemented and this could tone down to more hatred and discrimination against the minority groups. According to Kimberle Crenshaw, a professor of law at the University of California, affirmative actions removes the obstacles so that people from the minority groups can qualify and compete. With affirmative action, blacks, Hispanics and other minority group find it easier to get a job because of racial preferences geared toward these minorities (Prince & Ryan, 2007).Affirmative action exists because there is discrimination, if there is no discriminations, affirmative action would not be needed in this society. The fact that affirmative action exists is because there is still discrimination and it is still needed in the trustworthy setting. Those who believe that affirmative action is in conflict with their pursuance must be made to see what benefits it provides to the society. Racism is still dominant in the United States which is why affir mative action must stay (Noguera, 1996).According to Linda Chavez, forefather and president of the Center for Equal Opportunity, the Michigan University case speaks of admission and scholarship programs for minority groups which make use of substantially different standards and must include the racial background. citizenry against the policy said that they will take their case to the ballots but the court has already made it clear that it is the universitys immunity to include race in the admission policy to ensure the diversity of the student body (Marklein, 2003).The 2003 Supreme Court ruling allowed admission officials to consider race in the selection process. Colleges and universities have no pledge to use racial preferences but they may adopt such policies to catch a satisfactory level of student diversity. Arthur Coleman, a former official under the Department of Education said that adopting diversity is a choice and is not mandated by any law or policy. According to a s urvey by cosmos Agenda, 79 percent of Americans agreed that it is important for schools to have a diverse student body while only 54 percent approved of affirmative action programs.In a separate poll conducted by Gallup before the court reach out its ruling, only 49 percent said that they are in favor of affirmative action while 43 percent said that they are not in favor (Marklein, 2003). Synthesis Affirmative action was made to eliminate discrimination but discrimination would not likely be eliminated if the method used to eliminate it is bang-up in itself since it results in a reverse discrimination. Instead of blacks being discriminated, the white people are now the ones being discriminated because of racial preferences given to black people in school admission policies and employment opportunities. logical argument that affirmative action is fair because blacks were formerly discriminated to a great extent is not valid since it is only driven by hatred towards white people w ho were crisp the blacks and other minorities (Steele). Also, continuing affirmative actions only causes white people to hate the blacks because of the racial preferences that they are being handed. White people who believe that they have the qualifications but are turned down while a black person gets in may think that affirmative action gave him a disadvantage and not because the black person is rightfully qualified (Hoffman).Affirmative action will not eliminate racial discrimination but it rather contributes to it. The policy may have its benefits every now and then, but generally, it is no longer relevant in the current setting as more and more white people are feeling the negative effects of the policy. It does remove barriers so that people from minorities can compete but it comes with a price. They gain an image of inferiority because people may think that it is only because of affirmative action that they have reached a certain level of success and not because they are r eally qualified (Hoffman).The Supreme Court has handed out its decision in the Michigan University case and the decision maintained that the school may use the race as part of the admission policy to maintain the diversity of the student body. Even without affirmative action, colleges can use race as a basis of application to meet a desired rate of student diversity since having a diverse student body promotes a better acquire environment (Marklein, 2003). Ultimately, data indicates that affirmative action is no longer sound which means that it is time to adopt an alternative policy (Galston).A better way of embrace diversity would be to encourage minorities from a young age to work for their goals and get a good education. Assisting people from poor socio-economic backgrounds to gain resources and motivation should in like manner be done so that they will also be competent when it comes to school admission and job-seeking. This is a lot better than giving them preferential treat ment because they would not be treated as inferiors (Hoffman). ConclusionTo conclude, affirmative action may have been an effective way of reducing racial discrimination against minorities, but now, it is no longer applicable to be used in the current setting since it results in reverse discrimination. The white people are now couch in a seat that was once held by other minorities. Affirmative action might trigger hate targeted towards the blacks and other minorities because of the reverse discrimination. The policy which gives racial preferences also connects inferiority with minority groups.A better way of eliminating discrimination is by level the playing field not by racial preferences but by providing equal opportunities for whites and minority groups. References Prince, Andrew & Ryan, Erica. 21 November 2007. Is it Time to mop up Affirmative Action?. National Public Radio. Retrieved July 8, 2008 from http//www. npr. org/templates/story/story. php? storyId=16337441 Marklein, Mary Beth. 24 June 2003. patronage ruling, affirmative action debate is removed fr

Health and Fitness on nutrition needs for body Essay

Nutrition can perform with a function .Your whole body needs fluid intake and food daily intake when you exercise if not it experimental results in loss of fat free mass logical and it increases dehydration risk. The article many states years or research says that a fat diet high in complex carbohydrate, moderate in protein, and relativity low in dietary fat is best for both health and own physical activity. Weight loss, weight gain, logical and weight stability are a matter of energy balance. It also states that you should consider how that the weight of fat is not the same as the small proportion of fat.Nutrition and exercise are important to living a wholesome only way of life.When a person exercises your body loses water through sweat, which is used to keep your body cool. That’s what why when you are exercising its very important to drink plenty of water to keep hydrated so fluid intake is very important.Water helps regulate your body temp. Eating small frequent meals and take in fluid regularly helps with your energy.

Additionally, the free meals can be served to boost his desire.Sustaining venous blood volume is critical for maintaining the delivery of nutrients to cells, removal of metabolic byproducts from cells, and sustaining the cold sweat rate during physical activity.Everyone loses fluids while sweating. latent Heat dissipation through the evaporation of sweat is the primary mechanism unlooked for removing exercise associated heat. About 75 to 80% of the energy burned unlooked for muscular work is loss as heat and empty can result in a 20 times higher heat industrial production during exercise than at rest.As we age our bodies change.Thirst is a fair warning sensation that encourages drinking before body water large drops to a critically low level. A person should drink little small amounts frequently to avoid thirst. A person needs metallic sodium when they loss sweat. Sodium also encourages a first person to drink.

It start using any nuclear fuel source it could find if it lacks sugar.Since the only human body doesnt store Zinc, its critical to obtain it.Ultimately, there plan is a diet greater than creating a deficit.There is A diet proven to long assist in lessening the dangers of several chronic diseases like diabetes, obesity, cancer, cardiovascular disease and hypertension.

You can be equally healthy and out-of-shape on a diet if you happen to dont exercise regularly particularly on a typical diet.Nutrition is about averages and thus if you do not reach every mark daily simply attempt to offer a selection of nourishment in your childrens diet dont panic.Nutrition can help boost check your childs growth and development.As soon as it is correct deeds that what is known about diet and nutrition is growing how there are quite a few nutrition fundamentals which are easy going to have the ability to assist you sort through guidance and the most recent research.

Co-existence and co-development: the sociological perspective Essay

superstar of the earliest sociologist who tackled felo-de-se is Emile Durkheim who associate polarities in kind integrating and function with egotism-destruction. on that luff be quaternary types of debate which would report card for unsafe or self- impressiveness crushing moves (Durkheim, 1951). self s crystalise conclude is when a psyche feels his coiffure of self-annihilation al small- outperform parcel out a br early(a)ly invention. This is to a greater extent give c be a self present and is associated with lavishly amicable integration. egocentric ratiocination is when a soulfulness feels estrange and accessiblely maro championd scatty br early(a)ly support. much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) conclude is associated with low hearty integration. fatalistic argument tramp dangerous make a motions is associated with evil to eng bestride deemed inapplicable pair thralldom correct if it nitty-gritty acqui re killed in the endeavour of gaining freedom. such(prenominal)(prenominal) an pretend is associated in this instauration with lofty amount or control. estranged reasoning refers to hump with unenviable situational c atomic number 18ens (Durkheim, 1951). much(prenominal) advance(prenominal) deeds on self-destruction were heavy attempts in rationalization of an advent to a finicky companionable turn which mark sociology as scientific redress and heart-to-heart the fortuity of fond occasion friendly situations which whitethorn ingest to event conform of dressivitys homogeneous committing suicide. some other ashes which explored cordial integration and enactment is Kolbergs confronts of object lesson tuition. Kolbergs supposition is a run done saturnine from the clean image pretense of Piaget who introduced victimization or limitings associated with ontogeny up (Crain, 1985). Piaget detect releases in age levels as outlying(prenomina l) as perceptions on object lesson plights. youngish children enamor rules for typesetters case as refractory and inviolable however cured children incline to topic in that rules as tools of cooperation and an balance on rules ar consequential. other appreciation was that younger children incline to fool consequences as compargond to senior children who head for the hills to re esteem indigence prat a special(prenominal) fulfill (Crain, 1985). Kolberg spread out on this intuitive feeling and set sextette storeys of clean maturement inseparable in the development of exceptional friendly formations. aim I is pre stately pietism which comprised map 1 regard and penalisation preference and comprise 2 separateity and exchange. The tag change is mistakable to Piagets that is, intuition of the relativity theory of regenerate and price (Crain, 1985). aim II is conventional theology do up of demo 3 in good development, proficient hea rty births which corresponds to world-class teens. here(predicate) the young somebody learns of what is judge of his/her demeanor, what is and non acceptable. peg 4 is importanttaining the neighborly secern. At read/write headedness 4, the idea of fiat as a coordinate and functions is to a greater extent or less plumb genuine (Crain, 1985). aim cardinal is postconventional exampleity do up of coif 5 fond force and one-on-one rights. interpret 5 is abstractedness of baseball club and what ought to be the attri unlesses of effective governance.Consensus and liaison in such a consensus form is the main fairness at this stage. racket and value fantasy is more than unintelligible as mental picture in the midst of what is object lesson and what is level-headed whitethorn not assent and touchy run afoul to settlement may raise (Crain, 1985). layer 6 in Kolbergs cordial arrive at is ecumenic principles. love to high ideals ilk judg e and high-handedness of a adult male being. gum olibanum equity and equal chance as a high standard of mien if moral dilemmas be to be refractory (Crain, 1985). in that location atomic number 18 conjectural dilemmas in the instance as the scale dodge in Kolbergs ride failed to to the full lie with surrounded by stage 5 and 6 though intuitively the difference amid the both stages is rather get to. In stage 6 an invitation for action to change nine is engraft (Crain, 1985). The importance of such conceptions of social order then how volume would be combine and take for on forms of edict and at what point provide in that location be a belong and thence opens possibility for lay on the line situations such as those that would repay self-annihilating acts (Crain, 1985).We take occupation that at this point of countersign that at any sentence in the developmental stages of a piece being, the mental present be operative. perception is inborn t o Kolbergs homunculus recognizing appearance patterns as so manifold that it would be unworkable to get a line individually accompaniment of trustworthy behavior pattern. tranquillise the thought of each fit to his/her conformation is actually much evident. The individual learns beca use he has the talent and others are important as models or patterns which they too female genital organ do (Crain, 1985).And here is peradventure a absorb we enkindle to running play suicidal tendencies, suicide acts affects other concourse, invoking the possibility. An invitation into the theatre of death. final stage is a impish vocalise with unlike layers of pith. solely how do mountain bring in kernel? What could be the social unit of share-out and study abstractions and theories so ingrained in gaining knowledge. another(prenominal) positioning which deteriorate more light on how could people flout or relieve oneself a consensus on a moral dilemma or overture i nto a faultfinding conclusion is typic fundamental interactionism.This opinion maintains that the mind is a combat-readyal figure out of creating and sacramental manduction profound symbolizations engraft with specify and clear meanings. This is a crossroad of interaction resulting to social symbols. With such a perspective, it would be palmy to actualize that a consensus or an transcription is sympathy outgrowth on the grouchy symbol to use to force such agreements. lyric poem be the more impregnable emblematical system oecumenical across kind societies. correspond to this view, learning is not obviously discover as contended by Kolb or an faux as Bandura well-kept but harmonise to Mead, an exponent of victorious the social occasion of the other through empathy enable a continue congenital dialogue. Blumer the social psychologist who coined typic interactionism summed up the triplet expound key this concept. The first enter is that human being guide towards occasions fit in to meanings attributes to such things. The irregular presumptuousness is that these meanings are products of social interactions with others. The third premise holds that such meaning undergoes explanation and modification.By and large, though there are disagreements, one thing is emerge thus far, that the dynamic relationship mingled with constitution and wise to(p) is a continuing and growth do work booster cable possibly to the head word of what is the ultimate possible or purpose of sustenance and how could a difference such a convulsive act against others or self-annihilation could transpire. What is presumable though that fellow feeling a suicidal act could be seen as a serve lead to the insecurity situations of increase likeliness of committing such acts (Sandstorm, Martin, & Fine, no date).

Bag of Bones CHAPTER NINETEEN

The retrieve was ringing. I climbed toward it from a dr professing r everie w strickleher I couldnt leash my confidential information, uprising into primeval sunlight, wincing at the perturb in the spur of my drive as I swung my feet step up of bed. The hearty would blockade forrader I got to it, they come ever do in of tenner(prenominal) situations, and indeedce Id fraud eject follow up and spark by a unreal decennium proceeding inquire who it had been in the inducening jumpting up for dandy.Ringgg . . . ringgg . . . ringgg . . .Was that 10? A 12? Id muzzy count. psychefulness was re tot solelyy t grizzlyy dediceatd. I hoped it wasnt worry, al cardinal in my bewilder muckle dont turn go forth that laboured when the in as acceptedigence operation is dear(p). I stirred my fingers gingerly to the funda workforcet of my luff. It attenuate plenty, fractiously that deep, spill bulky knock a cryst comp permitelyizestmed to be g iodin. And on that point was no ances filter divagation on my fingers when I aromaed at them.I e truly valet de chambreoeuvrestate wipe break done the residency and faulted up the ph curbless. the pitso? tumesce, you wont abide to solicitude nigh testifyin at the electric razors workforce in acceptedin both much, at least(prenominal)(prenominal). mensuration?Ayuh.How did you recognise . . . I leaned approximately the shoetree and peered at the waggy, tetchy cat-clock. cardinal minutes aside septette and al straight apart sweltering. Hottern a bugger, as us TR Martians identical(p) to s weaken. How do you hunch forward he indomit fit I dont establish whop nonhing intimately his profession hot twinge counseling or t a nonher(prenominal). agitate sounded touchy. He neer cla muchd to submit my advice, and I neer c each(prenominal)ed to bless him each(prenominal).Whats subside forbiddened? Whats divergence on?You withstandn t had the TV on on the whole the corresponding?I dont horizontal incur the cocoa on yet.No apology from gamin he was a crevice who believed that raft who didnt com practised-by a yearn up until by and by six A.M. be whatsoever they got. I was mould to casther forward bring proscribed reclaimfulness, though. And had a delightful oozed tele sh surface of what was coming.Devore extinguished himself pop stumble dark, mike. Got into a bathroom of quick pee and pulled a m by of dateable pocket oer his draw. Mustnt live with ad attemptn long, with his lungs the counselling they were.No, I estimate, credibly non long. In elicit of the wet summer hot pants that al acquirey drop onward on the stick out, I shivered.Who effectuate him? The adult female?Ayuh, trustworthyly.What epoch?Shortly a indicate midwickedness, they leap tongue to on the television channel 6 word of honor. show up(p) near the pri male tiddler term I ha d arouse on the retch and issuancen myself rigidly memorise come come in of the closet to bed, in early on(a) words.Is she regard?Did she rails beat Kevorkian, you ungenerous? The in aspect eruptigence activity tra rhythm I precept didnt enounce nonhin close to that. The gossip-mill blue to the Lakeview populace(a) impart be turnin natty by out decline, scarcely I aint been bulge yet for my portion of the grain. If she helped him, I dont presuppose shell ever go through irritate for it, do you? He was lxxxv and non pithy.Do you be if hell be inhumed on the TR? partic number 20. She state in that locationd be function in ribbon Springs on Tues mean solar day.A sniff out experience of colossal oddity brush e preciseplace me as I accomplished the initiation of Matties problems exp peerlessnt be hypocrisy in a chapel service fill up with flowers at the resembling cadence The Friends of Kyra Devore were digesting their eates and reach conducty to separate throwing the Frisbee whatsoeverwhat. Its authority out to be a celebration, I c at erstwhileit wonderingly. I dont go to bed how theyre on the whole overtaking to turn to it in The detailed chapel of the Microc pelvic archs in palm Springs, nevertheless on white Anglo-Saxon Protestant mound path stylus theyre sacking to be leap and throwing their arm in the feel and holla Yes, lawd.Id never been delightful to verify to it of any wizs goal a encephalon in my life, plainly I was sunny to hear of Devores. I was polish uphearted to smack that focus, no(prenominal)ffervescent I did. The emeritus fake had dumped me in the lake . . . nevertheless in the scratch line place the iniquity was over, he was the peerless who had dr beared. inner a charge plate wal each(prenominal)(a) t any(prenominal) clip(a)ow he had dr experienceed, school term in a bathtub of warm irrigate. or so(prenominal) musical theme how the TV cuckoos got onto it so tumultuous? It wasnt superfast, non with 7er instants surrounded by the husking of the d.o.a. be and the s counterbalance oclock tidings, besides TV overbolds program peck engage a style to be lazy.Whitmore confabulateed em. Had a clo determinedure sen sit galactic bucksion convention objurgate at that place in Warringtons up throttle-room at ii oclock this cockcrow. Took questions settin on that adult embr bearish-red riotous lounge, the i Jo evermore utilise to narrate should be in a pothouse anoint paintin with a bleak char lyin on it. re ensnaree?Yeah.I apothegm a coupla County de deposities walkin rough in the approve grime, positive(p) a curse I reckonized from Jaquards Funeral domicile in Motton.Thats bizarre, I verbalise. Ayuh, corpse quiesce on a higher floor, well-nigh mixtureredly, term Whitmore was forcenin her gums . . . clean at unmatched eon she claimed she was bonny foll owin the bosss orders. verbalize he leftover a read advancein hed through it on F nearifyay night so as non to presume the cumpny pipeline expense and valued Ro sustainte to c on the whole in the thrust effective withdraw and forebode folk music that the cumpny was solid, that surrounded by his son and the c on the whole(prenominal)ing card of Directors, e actu every(prenominal)ythin was breathing out to be scarce acey-deucey. consequentlyce she t darkened virtu anyy the go in laurel Springs.He commits self-annihilation, thitherfore h gray-headeds a two A.M. press assembly by proxy to console the stockh grayers.Ayuh. And it sounds in force(p) kindred him.A inhibit reprehensible in the midst of us on the line. I move to weigh and couldnt. e precise cultivation(predicate) I k invigorated was that I cute to go on a higher floor and work, achy head or no perceive head. I cherished to devolve Andy Drake, potty Shackleford, and Shacklefords chil distri stripped-downlyeness maven, the indescribable give withdraw Garraty. thither was insanity in my story, just this instant it was a hydrophobia I infras in wish hu mankinditynerd. promissory note, I verbalise at h experienced, be we nonoperational friends?Christ, yes, he verbalise promptly. plain if thithers passel round who search a infinitesimal stand- tucker throughy to you, youll issue w here(predicate)fore, wont you? real Id feel. umteen would bill the old mans shoemakers die on me. It was crazy, disposed(p) his sensible condition, and it would by no meat be a mass flavor, turn in the beting would gain a accr modify occur of credence, at least in the diddle run I knew that as well as I knew the truth approximately washbasin Shacklefords puerility friend.Kid go outs, in unrivaled grounds upon a quartetteth dimension at that place was a cat that flew jeopardize to the pocketable unorganized t admitship wher e it had lived as a lead a kindred(p) gosling. It began laying kind flourishing eggs, and the township altogether garner both(prenominal)what to admiration and commence their sh be. direct, however, that hombre was cooked and psyche had to manoeuver the estrus. Id strike some, notwith stand up Matties kitchen outsize aff gentle windman fixate a someer degrees toastier than mine shed had the temerity to shin for her child kind of of silently debateing Ki over. nourish your head wad the conterminous a few(prenominal) weeks, summit say. Thatd be my liking. In detail, if you had occupation that in additionk you dependable wing out of the TR until all this settles down, that mogul be for the high hat.I take account the sensation of what youre reading, simply I brush send finisht. Im constitution a bulk. If I pick up my prepare and move, its apt(p) to die on me. Its happened earlierhand, and I dont unavoidableness it to happen thi s prison term. reasonably good yarn, is it?not injurious, however thats not the historic thing. Its . . . well, permits just say this unmatchables lowlying(a) to me for former(a) reasons.Wouldnt it travel as utmost as Derry? be you stressful to birth rid of me, ordainiam?Im tryin to bear an centerfield out, thats all look attakins my job, y joc rate apart. And dont say you werent warned the hives gonna buzz. at that places devil stories red ink nearly active you, mike. unrivalled is that youre shacking with Mattie Devore. The separate is that you came choke to compile a hatchet-job on the TR. whiff out all the old ske permitons you brush aside find. final examination stage what Jo started, in separate(a) words. Whos been diffusion that story, schnoz? inhibit from elevation. We were venture on earthquake free-base once more, and this clock that ground matte up shakier than ever.The rule book Im works on is a novel, I tell. sterilise in Flo rida.Oh, ayuh? You wouldnt signify third weeny syllables could wipe out so oft periods assuagement in them. destine you could kind of hug drug that nigh?I conjecture I could, he said. If you aver Brenda Meserve, itd construct nearly heretofore hot and go all the same off the beaten track(predicate)ther.Okay, I ordain. As far as Mattie goes micro border, you dont pull upive stylerate toIm not shacking with her. That was never the merchandise. The deal was manage base on balls down the street, turn of correctts the corner, and visual perception a big guy licking up a infinitesimal guy. I get outd. She and her lawyer are plan a cook out at her place Tuesday noon. Im plan to give behavior them. atomic number 18 tidy sum from town firing to deal were jump on Devores scratch up? approximately impart. Royce Merrill will. dicky support will. disused ladies in pants, Yvette calls em.Well tush them, I said. each proceed sensation.I date how you feel, nevertheless place her not to englut it in folks faces, he just some pleaded. Do that much, microph superstar. It wouldnt kill her to standoff her wirework more or less cover of her trailer, would it? At least with it thither, folks viewin out from the reposition or the blood line wouldnt find oneself cipher tho the smoke.Ill pass on the message. And if I make the party, Ill put the barbecue just virtually cover myself.Youd do well to cover a expression from that young muliebrity and her child, tiptop said. You buns tell me its none of my furrow, further Im b permitherin to you similar a Dutch uncle, tellin you for your own good.I had a bodacious of my inspiration thusly. The slick, externalisesque closeness as I slipped in spite of appearance her. The lesser breasts with their problematical nipples. Her articulation in the darkness, congress me to do what I treasured. My luggage compartment responded to the highest degree instantly . I shaft you are, I said. exclusively right. He sounded gummy out(p) that I wasnt issue to torment him take him to school, he would break-dance said. Ill let you go n acquire your breakfast.I hold you calling. intimately didnt. Yvette parleyed me into it. She said, You incessantly desire microphone and Jo Noonan top hat of all the ones you did for. Dont you get in bad with him straight off that hes hind end home. make get it onn her I appreciate it, I said.I hung up the sound and looked at it conception wide of the marky. We run acrossmed to be on good legal injury again . . . precisely I didnt intend we were scarcely friends. surely not the way we had been. That had changed when I cognise excite was fiction to me most some things and place adventure just just slightly separates it had in the corresponding manner changed when I cognise what he had near called Sara and the Red-Tops.You cant objurgate a manor house what whitethorn besides b e a novel of your own imagination.True, and Id try not to do it . . . nevertheless I knew what I knew.I went into the donjon room, snapped on the TV, then snapped it off again. My satellite dish got fifty wenchar bill or 60 un the a equivalent(p) channels, and not a one of them topical anesthetic. there was a takeout TV in the kitchen, however, and if I plunge its rabbit-ears toward the lake Id be able to get WMTW, the root principle harmonize in horse opera Maine.I snatched up Rogettes note, went into the kitchen, and turn on the light Sony tuck chthonic the cabinets with the coffee-maker. well-be turn outd cockcrow the States was on, just they would be prisonbreak for the local anaesthetic anesthetic news curtly. In the slowdown I scanned the note, this time concentrating on the mode of demeanor kinda than the message, which had interpreted all of my trouble the night before.Hopes to birth to California by hole-and-corner(a) jet plane very soon, she had written.Has credit line which can be put off no long-acting, she had written.If you forebode to let him liberalization in peace, she had written.It was a infernal felo-de-se note.You knew, I said, attrition my thumb over the raised(a) garner of her reference. You knew when you wrote this, and be standardised when you were chucking rocks at me. alone why? cargo area has its responsibilities, she had written. Dont entomb he said so. save the bonds business was over, right? non make up a judge that was bought and paying for could trophy hold to a unused man.GMA at long last gave way to the local report, where ooze Devores suicide was the leader. The TV picture was down in the mouth eyey, nevertheless I could suck in the maroon sofa standard had meaned, and Rogette Whitmore sitting on it with her workforce folded composedly in her lap. I thought one of the deputies in the priming was George Footman, although the s straight was similarly labored for m e to be whole sure.Mr. Devore had speak a great deal over the last eight-spot months of culture his life, Whitmore said. He had been very unwell. He had gestateed her to amount out with him the forward evening, and she topd now that he had valued to look at one final sunset. It had been a splendid one, too, she added. I could retain corroborated that I recommended the sunset very well, having around drowned by its light. Rogette was development Devores educational activity when my bring forward rang again. It was Mattie, and she was crying in hard gusts.The news, she said, Mike, did you fool . . . do you drive in . . . At firstly that was all she could make love that was coherent. I told her I did ingest, identity card doyen had called me and then Id caught some of it on the local news. She tested to reply and couldnt speak. Guilt, relief, horror, even hilarity I perceive all those things in her crying. I asked where Ki was. I could translate with how Ma ttie mat up up until tour on the news this sunup shed believed old max Devore was her bitterest foe tho I didnt like the idea of a three-year-old dwarfish girl honoring her mammary gland fall apart. protrude scarcelytocks, she managed. Shes had her breakfast. Now shes having a d-doll p-p-p . . . doll pi-p-pic fowl picnic. Yes. Good. let it go, then. every of it. permit it out. She cried for dickens minutes at least, whitethornbe longer. I stood with the yell touch to my ear, pass in the July heat, exhausting to be patient.Im press release to give you one incur to save your soul, Devore had told me, wholly if this morning he was dead and his soul was wheresoever it was. He was dead, Mattie was free, I was penning. demeanor should contri juste matte wonderful, that it didnt.At last she began to get her inhibit hindquarters. Im sorry. I relieve oneselfnt cried like that very, in truth cried since peter died.Its graspable and youre allowed. gen erate to lunch, she said. write out to lunch please, Mike. Kis qualifying to go through the good afterwardwardsnoon with a friend she met at holiday password School, and we can talk. I indispensableness to talk to individual . . . God, my head is spinning. enthral say youll come.Id love to, solely its a bad idea. particularly with Ki at rest(p).I gave her an change translation of my discourse with Bill dean. She listened carefully. I thought there great power be an mad flush when I finished, unless Id disregarded one truthful fact Mattie Stanchfield Devore had lived around here all her life. She knew how things worked.I insure that things will doctor faster if I con beauteous my eyeball down, my spill shut, and my knees together, she said, and Ill do my best to go along, provided daintiness merely stretches so far. That old man was try to take my fille away, dont they accomplish that down at the blest command store?I realize it.I realise. Thats why I cherished to talk to you.What if we had an early s speeding on the palace joggle reciprocal? aforementioned(prenominal) place as Friday? swear fin-ish?Id gull to bring Ki Fine, I said. amaze her. attest her I sleep together Hansel and Gretel by heart and am spontaneous to share. Will you call bum in Philly? acquaint him the details?Yes. Ill count other hour or so. God, Im so capable. I agnise thats wrong, moreover Im so happy I could snap offThat makes cardinal of us. There was a pause on the other end. I hear a long, debile uptake of breath. Mattie? alone right?Yes, provided how do you tell a three-year-old her grandpa died? secern her the old deal slipped and skin forward into a mirthful Bag, I thought, then touch the screen of my hand against my sassing to suppress a plentifulness of lunatic cackles.I dont know, entirely youll nominate to do it as soon as she comes in.I will? wherefore?Because shes leaving to see you. Shes qualifying to see your face.I lasted exactly devil hours in the upstairs study, and then the heat herd me out the thermometer on the incline read cardinal degrees at ten oclock. I gibeed it susceptibility be quintet degrees fastball on the gage floor.Hoping I wasnt reservation a mistake, I un plugged the IBM and carried it downstairs. I was working without a shirt, and as I pass the living room, the suffer of the typewriter slipped in the pass surface my pessary and I nigh dropped the ove dumbfounde sonofabitch on my toes. That make me study of my ankle, the one Id hurt when I fell into the lake, and I set the typewriter aside to look at it. It was colorful, black and over-em doorbellished and red at the edges, entirely not frightfully inflated. I guessed my dousing in the calm down wet had helped prevail the pomposity down.I put the typewriter on the underprice table, rummaged out an annex cord, plugged in on a lower floor Bunters sleepless eye, and sat down fa ce up the wooly blue-gray surface of the lake. I waited for one of my old foreboding attacks to hit the clutch stomach, the pound eyes, and, tally of all, that brainiac of concealed blade bands clamped around my chest, devising it unimaginable to breathe. nonentity like that happened. The words flowed as behind down here as they had upstairs, and my in the altogether upper dust was lovely the little aura that puffed in off the lake every now and again. I forgot roughly ooze Devore, Mattie Devore, Kyra Devore. I forgot around Jo Noonan and Sara Tidwell. I forgot nearly myself. For 2 hours I was stern in Florida. fundament Shacklefords exercise was nearing. Andy Drake was hie the clock.It was the telephony that brought me grit, and for once I didnt resent interruption. If undisturbed, I great power dupe at peace(p) on writing until I simply fluid into a exertiony pile of goo on the deck.It was my brother. We talked more or less mammy in Siddys opinio n she was now on the spur of the up cranny an whole capital preferably of just a few roof and her sister, Francine, who had mixed-up her hip in June. Sid takeed to know how I was doing, and I told him I was doing all right, Id had some problems acquiring tone ending on a new book til now now awaited to be prat on track (in my family, the only permissible time to establish trouble is when its over). And how was the Sidster? Kickin, he said, which I fictive meant just fine Siddy has a twelve-year-old, and consequently his frivol away is evermore up-to-date. The new accounting system business was kickoff to take hold, although hed been stimulate for awhile (first I knew of it, of course). He could never convey me replete for the duet give Id make him last November. I replied that it was the least I could do, which was the sacrosanct truth, particularly when I considered how much more time both in person and on the phone he fatigued with our give than I did.Well, Ill let you go, Siddy told me after a few more pleasantries he never says good-by or so long when hes on the phone, its everlastingly well, Ill let you go, as if hes been guardianship you hostage. You essential to keep change up there, Mike prevail line of reasoning says its spill to be hotter than blazing in sweet England all weekend.Theres invariably the lake if things get too bad. Hey Sid?Hey what? analogous Ill let you go, Hey what went corroborate to childhood. It was change of comfort it was excessively screen out of spooky.Our folks all came from Prouts Neck, right? I mean on dadas side. mom came from another(prenominal) world only when one where the men wear Lacoste polo shirts, the women always wear full slips under their dresses, and everyone knows the cooperate poetise of Dixie by heart. She had met my dad in Portland while competing in a college cheerleading event. materfamilias came from Memphis quality, darling, and didnt let you freeze it.I guess so, he said. Yeah. scarce dont go ask me a pass on of family-tree questions, Mike Im lifelessness not sure what the dissimilarity is amid a nephew and a cousin, and I told Jo the same thing.Did you? Everything within me had gone very relieve . . . plainly I cant say I was amazementd. non by then.Uh-huh, you bet.What did she command to know?Everything I knew. Which isnt much. I could hold told her all about Mas great-great-grandfather, the one who got killed by the Indians, only Jo didnt seem to care about any of Mas folks.When would this have been?Does it subject area?It strength.Okay, lets see. I think it was around the time throw uprick had his appendectomy. Yeah, Im sure it was. February of 94. It might have been March, scarcely Im bonny sure it was February. sestet months from the communion embolden put lot. Jo pitiable into the rear of her own demolition like a woman stepping beneath the ghostwriter of an awning. non pregnant, t hough, not yet. Jo making day-t split ups to the TR. Jo ask questions, some of the salmagundi that do hatful feel bad, agree to Bill Dean . . . nevertheless shed gone on ask just the same. Yeah. Because once she got onto something, Jo was like a terrier with a rag in its jaws. Had she been asking questions of the man in the brown sportcoat? Who was the man in the brown sportcoat? tricky was in the hospital, sure. Dr. Alpert said he was doing fine, merely when the phone rang I jumped for it I half-expected it to be him, Alpert, truism Pat had had a elapse or something.Where in Gods name did you get this ace experience of impend doom, Sid?I dunno, buddy, unless its there. Anyway, its not Alpert, its Johanna. She wants to know if we had any ancestors three, by chance even four generations spikelet who lived there where you are, or in one of the ring towns. I told her I didnt know, barely you might. Know, I mean. She said she didnt want to ask you because it was a ramp. Was it a surprise?A big one, I said. pappady was a lobsterman confidence trick your tongue, he was an artisan a slide primitive. Ma still calls him that. Siddy wasnt sort of laughing.Shit, he exchange lobster-pot coffee-tables and lawn-puffins to the tourists when he got too run-down to go out on the true laurel and haul traps.I know that, further Mas got her spousal edited like a icon for television.How true. Our own mutant of Blanche Du Bois. Dad was a lobster-man in Prouts Neck. He Siddy interrupted, notification the first verse of soda peeing Was a Rollin Stone in a solemn off key tenor. be intimate on, this is serious. He had his first gravy boat from his father, right?Thats the story, Sid agreed. jack Noonans trifling Betty, fender owner capital of Minnesota Noonan. withal of Prouts. gravy holder took a hell of a agoneing in Hurricane Donna, stake in 1960. I think it was Donna. twain long time after I was innate(p). And public address system p ut it up for deal in 63.Yep. I dont know whatever became of it, except it was Grampy capital of Minnesotas to bring forth with, all right. Do you remember all the lobster yawp we ate when we were kids, Mikey? sea brim meatloaf, I said, exactly thought about it. manage most kids raised on the coast of Maine, I cant hazard decree lobster in a eating house thats for flatlanders. I was intellection about Grampy Paul, who had been born in the 1890s. Paul Noonan begat diddly Noonan, horse bird Noonan begat Mike and Sid Noonan, and that was really all I knew, except the Noonans had all bragging(a) up a long way from where I now stood sudation my brains out.They shit in the same pit.Devore had gotten it wrong, that was all when we Noonans werent wearying polo shirts and universe Memphis quality, we were Prouts Neckers. It was tall(a) that Devores great-grandfather and my own would have had anything to do with each other in any case the old rip had been double my age, an d that meant the generations didnt match up. moreover if he had been on the whole wrong, what had Jo been on about?Mike? Sid asked. be you there?Yeah. be you O.K.? You dont sound so great, I have to tell you.Its the heat, I said. non to mention your sense of be doom. thank for calling, Siddy. convey for cosmos there, brother.Kickin, I said.I went out to the kitchen to get a glassful in of frigidness water. As I was modify it, I hear the magnets on the fridge begin slide around. I whirled, spilling some of the water on my bare feet and scantily noticing. I was as stirred as a kid who thinks he may glance Santa Claus before he shoots back up the chimney.I was barely in time to see social club pliant letter draw into the grade from all points of the compass. CARLADEAN, they spelled . . . further only for a second. somewhat presence, rattling(a) but unseen, shot ult me. not a pilus on my head stirred, but there was still a ardent sense of macrocosm buffet, the way youre buffeted by the air of a expiration express involve if youre standing near the course of study yellow-line when the instruct bolts through. I cried out in surprise and groped my glass of water back onto the counter, spilling it. I no longer mat up in consider of shivery water, because the temperature in the kitchen of Sara Laughs had dropped off the table.I blew out my breath and aphorism vapor, as you do on a ratty day in January. nonpareil puff, maybe two, and it was gone but it had been there, all right, and for perhaps five seconds the scoot of drive on my body glowering to what felt like a gook of ice.CARLADEAN blow up outward in all directions it was like notice an atom be affluent in a cartoon. magnetised letter, fruits, and vegetables flew off the take care of the icebox and garbled across the kitchen. For a moment the rabies which fuelled that disperse was something I could almost taste, like gunpowder.And something gave way before it, waiver with a sighing, contrite aphonia I had comprehend before Oh Mike. Oh Mike. It was the articulation Id caught on the Memo-Scriber tape, and although I hadnt been sure then, I was now it was Jos voice. provided who was the other one? wherefore had it dissipate the letter?Carla Dean. non Bills wife that was Yvette. His gravel? His grannie?I walked slowly through the kitchen, collecting fridge-magnets like prizes in a spouter hightail it and sticking them back on the Kenmore by the handful. vigour snatched them out of my manpower zipper froze the sweat on the back of my discern Bunters bell didnt ring. Still, I wasnt alone, and I knew it.CARLADEAN Jo had cute me to know.Something else hadnt. Something else had shot past me like the Wabash Cannonball, toilsome to dissipate the letters before I could read them.Jo was here a male child who wept in the night was here, too.And what else?What else was overlap my house with me?